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Fernando AIRE - XALBADOR
NAME-FIRST NAME : AIRE ETXART, Fernando
ALIAS : XALBADOR
DATE OF BIRTH : 19/VI/1920
PLACE : UREPEL (Lower Navarra)
DATE OF DEATH : 07/XI/ 1976
PLACE : UREPEL (Lower Navarra)
OCCUPATION : shepherd, farmer
LIVING PLACE : UREPEL (Lower Navarra)
TYPE : spontaneous bertsus, written bertsus
BIOGRAPHY :
His father was from Urepel, his mother was born in Los Angeles whereas
his grand-mother on his mother's side was native from Aurizberri (Navarra).
He married Léonie Etxebarren in 1943. They had four children. He sang his
first bertsu when 16 years old, from the window of a restaurant in Urepel to
the customers inside. Doctor Teodoro Hernandorena willing to boost the young
bertsulari from Iparralde, organized a competition in Saint Jean de Luz, and
that's how Xalbador first met
Mattin. From then on, the two of them were asked to every basque
festivity.
Xalbador took part in the major bertsu championships of Donosti-Saint
Sébastien.
The very day his book Odolaren mintzoa (voice from the blood) was
presented, the whole Pays Basque had gathered in his native village to
follow him to his last residence. Xalbador had died suddenly.
BERTSU CHAMPIONSHIPS :
- Main championship 1962 : 3rd (Donosti-Saint Sébastien)
- Main championship 1965 : 3rd (Donosti-Saint Sébastien)
- Main championship 1967 : 2nd (Donosti-Saint Sébastien)
WRITTEN BERTSU CHAMPIONSHIPS :
- Xenpelar Prize 1972 : 1st Sortetxeari (to my native house),
- Xenpelar Prize 1973 : 1rst Gure artzain etxolari (to our shepherd's
hut),
- Xenpelar Prize 1974 : 1rst
Mendian galdu direneri (to those who got lost in the mountain),
- Xenpelar Prize 1975 : 1rst Ortzirale saindu bateko gogoetak (reflexions
of a holy friday),
- Mendaro Txirristaka 1974 : 1rst Jainkoa eta ni (God and me),
- Mendaro Txirristaka 1975 : 1rst Pilota euskal jokoa (pelote, a bask
game)
- Mendaro Txirristaka 1976 : 1rst Ene ama zenari (to my late
mother).
EDITED BOOKS :
- Ezin bertzean, (necessarily), 1969
- Odolaren mintzoa, (voice from the blood), 1976
- Herria gogoan, (my village in mind), 1981
PICTURES GALLERY
These pictures can be seen on the basque culture web site
See the album
LISTEN TO EXTRACTS
"
Esperantzarik gabeko amodioa" : (desperate love)
The singer is in love with a young girl promised to another man (1975 -
Singer :Xalbador)- Euskal kultur erakundea
Windows Media Player
Real Player
"Niz naiz" : improvised bertsus of Xalbador (singer : Xabier Amuriza)
(Euskal kultur erakundea)
MP3 (1,67 Mo)
Mattin and Xalbador bertsularis in Baigorri (1973)
Euskal kultur erakundea
Windows Media Player
OTHER RESSOURCES
Xalbador gives his impressions on his career as an
improviser in this PDF document (traduced in english). The comments of this
outstanding poet taken from his autobiography "Odolaren mintzoa" . You
can
download it (425 Ko).
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The guides
You will be accompanied throughout this site by improvisers. During your
visit: click on their photos to discover what they have to say.
Xalbador
"After the death of Iriarte, Mattin became my regular companion, or
perhaps it was the opposite. It depended!
I wasn’t always very at ease improvising with Mattin. We didn’t do things
the same way. I was no good at making people laugh. Even though I inevitably
tried, it never really worked. On the other hand, this was one of Mattin’s
trump cards. I myself laughed on more than one occasion listening to his
retorts.
Luckily, I quickly learnt that it was better not to be offended by him.
Otherwise, that’s too bad for you: he took delight in seeing you hurt and
this only made him continue. So, the only solution was to start laughing
yourself.
Apart from that, Mattin is more than anything a good pleasant man. We,
his friends, all loved him".
Amets Arzallus
"We all have these types of references.
At the end of the day, improvisation comes from what we ourselves heard
or what we admired and remembered, and which remains within us.
Also, there’s no doubt that we all create our own mark, but in this
creative process, I’m convinced that we all try, even if unconsciously, to
imitate those models who we respect and admire"
Sustrai Colina
THE DUO WITH AMETS ARZALLUS
"We manage to surprise each other more often than you’d think.
Improvisation varies greatly according to the context. If you sing the same
verses in two different contexts, they may be good in one context, and not
so good in the other.
Personally, I don’t sing the same way in a youth club as I do in a
church. And that’s what makes it possible to surprise. Amets manages to
surprise me in fields which are not his favourites: if he improvises on
football, he won’t surprise me because I know that it’s a subject he masters
from A to Z. But if he improvises on religion, he’ll certainly surprise me
because I know he doesn’t know much about the subject.
It’s like being in a couple, because at the end of the day the art of
improvisation is the art of dialogue. And provided there’s continuous
dialogue, there are always times when you surprise each other.
We form a couple of improvisers, we perform together regularly, but we’re
not the same. Amets and myself are different.
I think that’s the best way to enrich a duo like ours"
Miren Artetxe
"I realised that I didn’t sing in the same way when I sang with another
girl. That doesn’t happen very often: in an improvisation session it’s
politically correct for there to be a girl, and if she’s from the Northern
Basque Country that’s even better. I suppose we could call it positive
discrimination. And if that wasn’t the case, perhaps there wouldn’t be any
girls performing at all. But, on the other hand, that doesn’t do us service
because there’s never a session with three female improvisers, unless if
it’s a women’s day, or if it’s a feminist association which has organised
the event. Yet when we sing together we realise that we don’t necessarily
follow the same established code of humour and we’re not systematically
opposed, we’re complementary. For me that’s very rewarding.
In fact, we know more or less what we’re going to give: sensitivity, a
little more humanity, perhaps less disputes and arguments, another point of
view.
It’s obvious that there are going to be more and more women in the world
of improvisation and that the balance between the sexes is going to change.
It’s better to anticipate that this is what’s going to happen in order to
think about and envisage new paths for exploration. That’s the situation
today.
Men know something needs to be changed, but I don’t think they expect a
revolution from the girls who are newcomers. I’d like that to happen"
Patxi Iriart
"When I began, I didn’t have a model. We progressed little by little, at
our own rhythm. Improvisation was a game for us and a way for us to mutually
provoke each other, but without thinking of becoming great improvisers one
day.
We knew some improvisers like Egaña and Lizaso, because they’re very
good. And the thought crossed our minds: I want to be like …
In improvisation class we studied the improvisations of Xalbador. He was
a great improviser because in his verses he expressed both humour and
feelings.
We also worked on the improvisations of Bilintx who mostly write love
poems.
We worked on improvisations by current bertsolaris too: we read and
studied those of Amets Arzallus and Sustrai Colina. They are true models for
us because over the last few years they have kept company with the greatest
improvisers and they’ve gone a long way in the Basque Country Championship:
Sustrai made the final and Amets wasn’t far behind … I do hope he manages at
the next championship!"
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