Improvised Poetry & Song in the Basque Country

IMPROVISED POETRY & SONG IN THE BASQUE COUNTRY

History and development

Competitions and championships
Masters of improvisation
Becoming a bertsulari

Partners :

Aquitaine BNSA
EJGV

Zortziko handia and Zortziko txikia

The two main "types" or "rhythms" used by bertsularis are "Zortziko handia" (pronounce "sore-cheako hand-ee-ya") or  "Zortziko txikia"  (pronounce "sore-cheako cheak-ee-ya").  Stanzas have 4 verses.

"Zortziko handia"

"Zortziko handia" refers to a verse with 18 syllables with compulsory caesura: the first after the fifth syllable, the second after the tenth syllable. The last eight syllables can be "grouped" differently.

Manex  gaztea lerden ederra  eskuan  mizpir  makila
John, a young, slender and handsome man, with a medlar stick in his hand


Ma-nex  gaz-te-a  /  ler-den  e-de-rra  /  es-ku-an  miz-pir  ma-ki-la
 1     2     3   4  5 /   6    7    8  9  10 /    1  2    3    4    5    6  7   8
       

Manex gaztea, lerden ederra, eskuan mizpir makila,
Zuberoako mendi mendian dabil kasko goren bila...
Leize zilorat lerratu eta, gelditu da seko hila !
Horra zergatik, pena dolorez, mintzalu zaigun ezkila.

John, a young, slender and handsome man, with a medlar stick in his hand,
Was walking in the mountains in Soule searching for the highest summits …
He slipped and fell into an abyss, and died on the spot!
That is why the bell is ringing out with sorrow and sadness.

"Zortziko txikia"

In the other form of bertsu, known as "Zortziko txikia", the verse contains 13 syllables. There is only one caesura, always after the seventh syllable.

Zer-ga-tik a-ri zai-gun / ni-ga-rrez ez-ki-la
1     2   3  4 5  6    7      1  2   3    4  5   6

Zergatik ari zaigun, nigarrez ezkila ?
Manex gazte lerdena, eskuan makila
Mendiz mendi dabil, kasko goren bila
Zilorat eroririk, gelditu da hila !

Why is the bell crying?
John, a young slender man, with a stick in his hand,
Was walking in the mountains, searching for the highest summits
He fell into a hole and was killed!

 

 

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The guides

You will be accompanied throughout this site by improvisers. During your visit: click on their photos to discover what they have to say.